Notocactus arechavaletae var. limiticola

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Notocactus arechavaletae var. limiticola F.Ritter
Kakteen Südamerika 1: 164 (-165), fig. 1979
Family: CACTACEAE

Accepted Scientific Name: Parodia ottonis (Lehm.) N.P.Taylor
Bradleya 5: 93. 1987

Notocactus arechavaletae var. limiticola Photo by: Valentino Vallicelli
HU179 Sant'ana do Liveramento, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. This plant produces underground shoots from the roots. (The rich magenta colour of the stem is due to a full sun exposure along with short water supply during cold winter month, otherwise the plant is green)

Origin and Habitat: Livramento, border with Uruguay, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Altitude: It grows at elevations from 0 to 250 meters above sea level.
Habitat: The species grows in several fragmented populations on rocky outcrops, in grasslands or pampas.

Synonyms:

Notocactus arechavaletae var. limiticola F.Ritter

See all synonyms of Parodia ottonis

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Accepted name in llifle Database:
Parodia ottonis (Lehm.) N.P.Taylor
Bradleya 5: 93. 1987
Synonymy: 67

Parodia ottonis (Lehm.) N.P.Taylor

Cactus ottonis Lehm.
Echinocactus ottonis (Lehm.) Link & Otto
Malacocarpus ottonis (Lehm.) Britton & Rose
Notocactus ottonis (Lehm.) A.Berger
Peronocactus ottonis (Lehm.) Doweld

Echinocactus ottonis var. pallidior Monv. ex Lem.
Echinocactus ottonis var. spinosior Monv. ex Lem.
Echinocactus tenuispinus var. minor Link & Otto
Notocactus acutus F.Ritter

Notocactus oxycostatus f. acutus (F.Ritter) N.Gerloff

Notocactus arechavaletae (Speg. ex Arechav.) Herter

Echinocactus acuatus var. arechavaletae K.Schum. ex Speg.
Echinocactus arechavaletae Speg. ex Arechav.
Malacocarpus arechavaletae (Speg. ex Arechav.) A.Berger
Wigginsia arechavaletae (Speg. ex Arechav.) D.M.Porter

Notocactus arechavaletae var. alacriportanus F.Ritter
Notocactus arechavaletae var. aureus F.Ritter

Notocactus ottonis f. aureus (F.Ritter) N.Gerloff & Neduchal

Notocactus arechavaletae var. buenekeri F.Ritter
Notocactus arechavaletae var. limiticola F.Ritter
Notocactus arechavaletae var. nanus F.Ritter
Notocactus arechavaletae var. rubescens F.Ritter
Notocactus grandiensis Bergner
Notocactus maldonadensis (Herter) Herter

Echinocactus maldonadensis Herter

Notocactus neo-ottoianus Y.Itô
Notocactus ottonis var. acutangularis F.Ritter
Notocactus ottonis var. albispinus Backeb.
Notocactus ottonis var. elegans Backeb.

Notocactus ottonis f. elegans (Backeb. & Voll) Havlíček

Notocactus ottonis var. globularis (F.Ritter) Bergner

Notocactus globularis F.Ritter
Notocactus ottonis f. globularis (F.Ritter) N.Gerloff & Neduchal

Notocactus ottonis var. janousekianus K.Papoušek
Notocactus ottonis var. nigrispinus H.D.Lück
Notocactus ottonis var. paraguayensis (Haage jr.) A.Berger ex Backeb.

Echinocactus ottonis var. paraguayensis Haage jr.
Echinocactus ottonis f. paraguayensis (Haage jr.) Schelle

Notocactus ottonis var. rubrispinus Prestlé

Notocactus ottonis subvar. rubrispinus Prestlé

Notocactus ottonis var. schuldtii Kreuz.

Notocactus oxycostatus var. schuldtii (Kreuz.) N.Gerloff

Notocactus ottonis var. stenogonus Backeb.
Notocactus ottonis var. tenebrosus n.n.
Notocactus ottonis var. tenuispinus (Link & Otto) Borg

Echinocactus ottonis var. tenuispinus (Link & Otto) Pfeiff.
Echinocactus ottonis f. tenuispinus (Link & Otto) Schelle
Echinocactus tenuispinus Link & Otto
Notocactus neo-ottoianus var. tenuispinus (Link & Otto) Y.Itô
Notocactus tenuispinus (Link & Otto) Herter

Notocactus ottonis var. uruguayensis (Arechav.) Frič

Echinocactus ottonis var. uruguayus Arechav.
Notocactus uruguayus (Arechav.) Herter

Notocactus ottonis var. vencluianus Schütz
Notocactus ruoffii N.Gerloff

Notocactus minimus var. ruoffii (N.Gerloff) N.Gerloff & Neduchal

Notocactus tenuispinus f. cristatus P.V.Heath
Parodia amambayensis (Werderm.) Borg

Echinocactus amambayensis Werderm.
Parodia paraguayensis (K.Schum.) Speg.

Parodia ottonis var. tortuosa (Link & Otto) N.P.Taylor

Echinocactus ottonis var. tortuosus (Link & Otto) K.Schum.
Echinocactus ottonis f. tortuosus (Link & Otto) Schelle
Echinocactus tortuosus Link & Otto
Notocactus neo-ottoianus var. tortuosus (Link & Otto) Y.Itô
Notocactus ottonis var. tortuosus (Link & Otto) Borg

Accepted name in llifle Database:
Parodia ottonis subs. horstii (F.Ritter) Hofacker
Cactaceae Consensus Init. 6: 12. 1998
Synonymy: 14

Parodia ottonis subs. horstii (F.Ritter) Hofacker

Notocactus arechavaletae var. horstii F.Ritter
Notocactus horstii F.Ritter
Notocactus ottonis subs. horstii (F.Ritter) Doweld
Parodia horstii (F.Ritter) N.P.Taylor
Peronocactus horstii (F.Ritter) Doweld
Peronocactus ottonis subs. horstii (F.Ritter) Doweld
Wigginsia nothohorstii (F.Ritter) Doweld

Notocactus horstii f. muglianus K.Herm
Notocactus horstii f. purpureiflorus (F.Ritter) K.Herm

Notocactus horstii var. purpureiflorus F.Ritter

Notocactus horstii f. purpureus (F.Ritter) K.Herm

Notocactus purpureus F.Ritter

Notocactus muegelianus T.Engel

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Description: Plant at first solitary that matures and flowers at an early age. With time it form small colonies. One of the peculiarity of this species is the tendency to produce basal suckers on the lateral roots.
The "limiticola" is merely one of the several forms of the very variable Notocactus (Parodia) ottonis and is regarded as a mere ecotype with size or colour modified by more humid or arid conditions and merging into typical plants in cultivation. However similar plants occurs at random elsewhere.
Stem: Up to 8 cm in diameter, 4 cm tall, somewhat depressed, with white wool apically, more or less glossy green or bluish green which can take a deep purplish to maroon colouring during winter dormancy, though this colour can be retained if grown in sufficient light. However the new growth is green but will soon darken to match the older epidermis.
Ribs: 8-9, broad and rounded, well defined.
Areoles: Few, circular up 1-2(-3) mm wide, 10-12 mm apart.
Spines: Bristly, acicular, slightly curved and spreading.
Central spines: Up to four, brownish, reddish brown or yellowish 20-40 mm long.
Radial spines: 7-9 up to 15 mm long, clearer.
Flowers: Yellow from the uppermost areoles, one or more appearing at a time, that open only during the dayt, 5-6 cm wide, floral tube with brownish wool and bristles. Perianth segments linear-oblong, acute, stamens about half the length of the perianth, segments, style yellow, stigma lobes red.
Fruits: 0,9-12 mm in diameter, ovoid to short cylindrical, thick walled, deishent often with large number of seeds.
Seeds: Bell shaped, glossy.

Subspecies, varieties, forms and cultivars of plants belonging to the Parodia ottonis group

Notocactus arechavaletae (Speg. ex Arechav.) Herter: The differences with other Parodia ottonis are minimal and most botanist agree on the fact that both should all be included in the P. ottonis. Distribution: Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul) and Uruguay (Artigas, Rivera).
Notocactus arechavaletae var. limiticola F.Ritter: has the tendency to produce basal suckers on the lateral roots. Distribution: Livramento, border with Uruguay, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Notocactus arechavaletae var. rubescens F.Ritter: has redder stems in arid conditions and merging into typical green plants in cultivation. Distibution: North of Carazinha, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Notocactus horstii f. muglianus K.Herm: has areoles more woolly and larger to 10 mm in diameter, flowers orange red to salmon red, and stamens coloured like the petals. Distribution: Candelaria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Notocactus muegelianus T.Engel: this is the transitional form between the yellowish-orange and purple forms of Parodia ottonis subs. horstii. Distribution: Candelaria, Rio Grande do Sul
Notocactus ottonis var. paraguayensis (Haage jr.) A.Berger ex Backeb.: has the ribs less rounded, almost acute and red spines. Distribution: Cordillera, and Misiones, Paraguay.
Notocactus ottonis var. tenebrosus n.n.: has dark green stems with 8-10 radial spines and 1 darker central spines, flowers are bright satiny yellow.
Notocactus ottonis var. vencluianus Schütz: has flowers and anthers red. Petals variously shades with peach, salmon, pink-red, vermilion and purple. Distribution: It is a cultivar originated from (habitat?) seed sown in a Czech nurser.
Parodia ottonis (Lehm.) N.P.Taylor: (subsp. ottonis) has globular flattened stems rarely exceeding 6 cm in diameter, only 10 ribs, and 3-4 central spines. Distribution: southern Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina.
Parodia ottonis subs. horstii (F.Ritter) Hofacker: has stems often to 15 cm in diameter, 12-16 ribs, and 1-4 central spines. Flowers yellowish-orange, pink ot violet-purple. Distribution: Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Parodia ottonis var. tortuosa (Link & Otto) N.P.Taylor: has a very large body (13-18 cm), small flower (25 mm long and 25-50 mm in width) and its spines are almost equal. Distribution Brazil and Uruguay.

Notes: Root suckers are new shoots that arise from adventitious buds developing on the lateral root system of many plants species. They are however a quite rare kind of vegetative reproduction strategy in cactus family, but occasionally occur in some cactus species when roots have been injured or felled. Notocactus arecavaletai is one of the few specie that produces naturally a large numbers of them and can develop into a small colony. The suckers have the potential to develop rapidly, fed by the existing root system. Often sprouting results in multiple stemmed plants.

Bibliography: Major references and further lectures
1) Tony Mace “Notocactus: a review of the genus incorporating Brasilicactus, Eriocactus and Wigginsia” Editorial Board/National Cactus & Succulent Society, 1975
2) Edward Anderson “The Cactus family” Timber Press, Incorporated, 2001
3) James Cullen, Sabina G. Knees, H. Suzanne Cubey "The European Garden Flora Flowering Plants: A Manual for the Identification of Plants Cultivated in Europe, Both Out-of-Doors and Under Glass" Cambridge University Press, 11/Aug/2011
4) David R Hunt; Nigel P Taylor; Graham Charles; International Cactaceae Systematics Group. "The New Cactus Lexicon" dh books, 2006

Notocactus arechavaletae var. limiticola Photo by: Valentino Vallicelli

Notocactus arechavaletae var. limiticola Photo by: Valentino Vallicelli

Notocactus arechavaletae var. limiticola Photo by: Cactus Art

Root suckers arise from adventitious buds developing on the root system. Photo by: Valentino Vallicelli

Cultivation and Propagation: It is easy to grow. It prefers a neutral to slightly acidic mineral-based potting mix with plenty of extra grit and feed during the summer. It likes a warm bright location, does great in partial shade but doesn't like full, hot blazing sun in the central summer month. Can support quite some water during the growing season but pot plants in winter are wet-sensitive and needs to be kept dry (rots easily if soil is wet and cold) tends to lose its roots in winter. Water Best if watered with rain water. Usually it is recommended to over-winter this plant in a bright and warm greenhouse with at least 8-10° C and rather dry (it tends to lose its roots and to rot if the substrate is wet and cold) but it has proved to tolerate temperatures as low as -5° C for short periods. It is susceptible to spider mites, so it should be check once in a while for it.
Propagation: Seeds, cuttings or root suckers (if available). Not too difficult to raise from seed.

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