: Garden origin (Nursery produced cultivar)

• Copiapoa humilis subs. tenuissima f. monstruosa cristata hort.
• Copiapoa tenuissima f. monstruosa cristata hort.

• Copiapoa humilis (Phil.) Hutchison
• Echinocactus humilis Phil.
• Copiapoa humilis subs. australis Hoxey
• Copiapoa humilis f. cristata hort.
• Copiapoa maritima Kníže
• Copiapoa paposoensis F.Ritter
• Copiapoa humilis var. paposoensis (F.Ritter) A.E.Hoffm.

• Copiapoa humilis var. longispina (F.Ritter) A.E.Hoffm.
• Copiapoa humilis subs. longispina (F.Ritter) Doweld
• Copiapoa longispina F.Ritter

• Copiapoa humilis subs. tenuissima (F.Ritter ex D.R.Hunt) D.R.Hunt
• Copiapoa humilis var. tenuissima (F.Ritter) G.J.Charles
• Copiapoa hypogaea subs. tenuissima F.Ritter ex D.R.Hunt
• Copiapoa tenuissima (F.Ritter ex D.R.Hunt) D.R.Hunt
• Copiapoa humilis subs. tenuissima f. cristata hort.
• Copiapoa tenuissima f. cristata hort.
• Copiapoa humilis subs. tenuissima f. monstruosa cristata hort.
• Copiapoa tenuissima f. monstruosa cristata hort.
• Copiapoa humilis subs. tenuissima f. monstruosa hort.
• Copiapoa tenuissima f. monstruosa hort.

• Copiapoa humilis var. tocopillana (F.Ritter) G.J.Charles
• Copiapoa humilis subs. tocopillana (F.Ritter) D.R.Hunt
• Copiapoa tocopillana F.Ritter

• Copiapoa humilis subs. variispinata (F.Ritter) D.R.Hunt
• Copiapoa humilis var. variispinata (F.Ritter) G.J.Charles
• Copiapoa variispinata F.Ritter

: Copiapoa tenuissimaSN|1138]]SN|1138]] mostruosa forma cristata is not a fast spreader like others but forms nice plants pretty quickly, water it moderately in summer and keep fairly dry in winter. Prefers a light shade or a full sun exposure, should be protected from excessive heat and sun in summer.
Propagation: Usually grafted but the cuttings root without a problem. They grow slowly at first until develop the large tuberous root system.

: Major references and further lectures
1) Edward Anderson “The Cactus family” Timber Press, Incorporated, 2001
2) James Cullen, Sabina G. Knees, H. Suzanne Cubey "The European Garden Flora Flowering Plants: A Manual for the Identification of Plants Cultivated in Europe, Both Out-of-Doors and Under Glass" Cambridge University Press, 11/Aug/2011
3) David R Hunt; Nigel P Taylor; Graham Charles; International Cactaceae Systematics Group. "The New Cactus Lexicon" dh books, 2006
4) N. L. Britton, J. N. Rose “The Cactaceae. Descriptions and Illustrations of Plants of the Cactus Family.” Volume 4, The Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington 1923
5) Urs Eggli, Leonard E. Newton “Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names” Birkhäuser 2004.
6) F.Ritter “Kakteen Südamerika” 3: 1072 1980.
7) Graham Charles “Copiapoa” Cirio Pub. Services, 1999
8) Adriana Hoffmann “Cactáceas en la Flora Silvestre de Chile” 1st edition, 1989
9) Cullmann W., Götz E., Gröner G.”Kakteen: Kultur, Vermehrung und Pflege - Lexikon der Gattungen und Arten” Ulmer, Stuttgart, 1984

: It is not too difficult in a greenhouse, although grows quite slowly. It is usually seen as a grafted plant but can grow on its own roots too.
Soil: Use a mineral well permeable soil with little organic matter (peat, humus).
Exposure: They need a good amount of light shade to full sun this help to keep the plants healthy, although slow growth.
Watering: Water sparingly from March till October (weekly during summertime, if the weather is sunny enough), with a little fertilizer added. Less or no water during cold winter months, or when night temperatures remain below 10° to prevent root loss. It is sensitive to overwatering (rot prone).
Fertilization: Feeding may not be necessary at all if the compost is fresh then, feed in summer only if the plant hasn't been repotted recently. Do not feed the plants from September onwards as this can cause lush growth which can be fatal during the darker cold months.
Hardiness: Keep perfectly dry in winter at temperatures from 5 to 15 degrees centigrade. (but it is relatively cold resistant and hardy to -5° C, or possibly colder for short periods) In the rest period no high atmospheric humidity!! (Temperature Zone: USDA 9-11)
Crested growth: Unlike 'monstrose' varieties of plants, where the variation from normal growth is due to genetic mutation, crested growth can occur on normal plants. Sometimes it's due to variances in light intensity, or damage, but generally the causes are unknown. A crested plant may have some areas growing normally, and a cresting plant that looks like a brain, may revert to normal growth for no apparent reason. If you have any of the crested part left you need to remove the normal growth and leave the crested part behind this will need to be done regularly.
Propagation: Grafting or cuttings. Plants are usually grafted onto column-shaped cacti but proved to be able to produce their own roots if degrafted. Cuttings will take root in a minimum temperature of 20° C (but better in hot weather). Cuttings of healthy shoots can be taken in the spring and summer. Cut the stem with a sharp, sterile knife, leave the cutting in a warm, dry place for a week or weeks (depending on how thick the cutting is) until a callus forms over the wound. Once the callus forms, the cutting may be inserted in a container filled with firmed cactus potting mix topped with a surface layer of coarse grit. They should be placed in the coarse grit only; this prevents the cut end from becoming too wet and allows the roots to penetrate the rich compost underneath. The cuttings should root in 2 to 6 weeks. Large crested piece must be placed on the soil surface without burying the plant base down in the soil.